An antigen is a foreign substance that elicits a specific immune response or that itself is the target of such an immune response.
Detailed description
Antigens are generally foreign substances. They are recognized by antibodies and certain receptors on immune cells. Proteins, carbohydrates and lipids can function as an antigen.
Helicobacter pylori is one of the top 10 bacterial threats listed by the WHO, for which treatment is becoming increasingly difficult due to rising antibiotic resistance. More than half of the world's population is chronically infected with this bacterium. H. pylori is a recognised class I carcinogen ...
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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections remain a major global health problem – according to the World Health Organization (WHO) there are around 300 million HBV carriers worldwide. Current treatments
